Note: In order to do this problem, you need to know that (arctan(u)) = .
Solution
: Step 1: Let u = arctan(x) and dv = 1 dx. We find that du = dx and v = ò dv = ò dx = x.Step 2: Substitute these variables into the formula:
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arctan(x) dx = ò u dv = uv - ò v du = x[arctan(x)] - ò dx.Step 3: Integrate the integral by using the Method of Substitution. Let w = 1 + x2 and dw = 2x dx. Then
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dx = ò = ò dw = ln|x| + C = ln|1 + x2| + C.Step 4: Using this result, the answer is:
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arctan(x) dx = x[arctan(x)] - ln|1 + x2| - C.Note: this result can be written as follows:
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arctan(x) dx = x[arctan(x)] - ln(1 + x2) + C.Since 1 + x2 is postive for all real values of x, the absolute value signs can be dropped. Also, subtracting an arbitrary constant is the same as adding one.