SAS Language Reference: Concepts

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P A R T 1 SAS System Concepts
	Essential Concepts
	SAS Processing
	Rules for Words and Names
	Data Set Options
	Formats
	Functions and CALL Routines
	Informats
	Statements
	SAS System Options
	SAS Variables
	Missing Values
	Expressions
	Dates, Times, and Intervals
	Considerations for Y2K and Beyond
	Error Processing and Debugging
	SAS Output
	BY-Group Processing in SAS Programs
	WHERE-Expression Processing
	Optimizing System Performance
	Double Byte Character Sets

P A R T 2 DATA Step Processing
	DATA Step Processing
	Reading Raw Data
	BY-Group Processing in the DATA Step
	Reading, Combining, and Modifying SAS Data Sets
	Array Processing

P A R T 3 SAS Files Concepts
	SAS Data Libraries
	SAS Data Sets
	SAS Data Files
	SAS Data Views
	Creating and Executing Stored Compiled DATA Step Programs
	DICTIONARY Tables
	SAS Catalogs
	Accessing Data in a DBMS
	Compatibility of Version 8 with Earlier Releases
	File Protection
	SAS I/O Engines
	SAS File Management
	External Files
	Index


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